Thursday, May 30, 2013

Research links immune system status with reproductive ability in women



A recent anthropological study, published in the American Journal of Human Biology, asserts that there may be a link between the reproductive ability in women and the status of their immune system.


Image Source: health.am


The study involved testing for levels of progesterone and C-reactive protein (CRP) in a group of premenopausal women who participated in traditional farming practices. CRP is commonly used as a marker for inflammation but, with a few other factors, it can also be used to gain information about psychosocial stress levels in a person and the status of their immune system.

According to Kathryn Clancy, who headed the study, the human body carefully allocates its energy resources with a priority on maintenance, which includes functions for survival such as immune function. Any leftover energy is then dedicated to reproductive function.



Image Source: volac.com


The researchers found that participants in the study with high CRP or stress levels had lower levels of progesterone, which signals one of two things. It could be an effect of inflammation that suppresses ovarian function, or an effect of external stressors, like immune challenges that force the body to allot more energy to maintenance function and less to reproductive effort. In addition, they also found that estradiol and the age of first menstruation were the strongest negative predictors of CRP levels.

Overall, the study supported existing models about the trade-offs between maintenance functions and reproduction in women. The findings are also expected to help more women understand their bodies better as they understand the timing of many different life events.


Image Source: rimsonmovement.com


Find more links to interesting articles about reproductive health for females on this Facebook page for Cristian Andronic.

Wednesday, May 29, 2013

Bipolar disorder in babies linked to mother’s flu infection during pregnancy

Image Source: sciencedaily.com



The first trimester of pregnancy is a risky time to incur any illness, including influenza. If a woman at this stage of her pregnancy is exposed to the disease, complications can set in easily. To add fuel to the flame, the unborn child exposed to the flu virus is in danger of developing bipolar disorder later in life. This finding is according to a small study headed by Dr. Alan Brown, a professor of psychiatry and epidemiology at Columbia University in New York.

Dr. Brown says that the result of one small study may not be enough proof that a flu-stricken pregnant woman can have a child with mental disorder, but still, flu should be prevented.



Image Source: examiner.com


The Centers for Disease Control Prevention affirms that flu is more likely to cause severe complications in a pregnant woman than in a woman who’s not pregnant. A flu shot is a pregnant woman’s best protection against serious complications of flu. Apart from getting a flu shot, a pregnant woman should also practice good health habits.

Doctors also encourage women to look for credible resources that will help them learn protective measures to stop the spread of the disease to others and to their unborn child.



Image Source: en.medixa.org


Dr. Cristian Andronic is an expert in high-risk pregnancies. Access this Facebook page to know more about his practice.

Tuesday, May 28, 2013

REPOST: Why Women Get Diabetes During Pregnancy

This US News article discusses gestational diabetes and its possible effects on newborns and their mothers.


Women with gestational diabetes can still have healthy babies
Image Source: health.usnews.com


Gestational diabetes is a form of diabetes that occurs for the first time when a woman is pregnant. This type of diabetes is caused by a change in the way a woman's body responds to the hormone insulin during her pregnancy. This change results in elevated levels of blood sugar, also known as blood glucose.

Gestational diabetes affects an estimated 18 percent of women during pregnancy. It is important to diagnose and treat gestational diabetes to avoid health complications for you and your baby.

What are the risk factors?

The risk factors commonly associated with an increased chance of developing gestational diabetes include:

• Having a history of gestational diabetes in previous pregnancies.

• Being overweight or obese.

• Being older than 25 years.

• Having a family history of diabetes (especially if a parent or sibling has diabetes).

• If you previously delivered a baby weighing more than 9 pounds.

• Having glucose in your urine.

• Being African-American, Hispanic, Native American or Asian.

• Having "prediabetes," also known as impaired glucose tolerance.

How do I know if I have gestational diabetes?

If you are at high risk for developing gestational diabetes, your blood glucose levels will likely be checked at your first prenatal visit. The American Diabetes Association recommends screening for gestational diabetes at the first prenatal visit for women with known risk factors.

If your blood glucose results are normal, your levels will be checked again between the 24th and 28th weeks of your pregnancy. It is recommended that all pregnant women be screened for gestational diabetes at that time.

What happens at a screening?

To screen for gestational diabetes, your doctor will order a glucose challenge screening test. This test requires you to drink a glucose solution and then have your blood drawn an hour after drinking the solution. No fasting is required for this test. If the results are normal, no other tests are done.

If the results are positive, some doctors may order another test called an oral glucose tolerance test. This test is conducted by measuring your fasting blood glucose level, then measuring it again one, two and three hours after drinking a glucose drink.

If the results are positive, your doctor will recommend a treatment plan. Treating and managing gestational diabetes is critical to your health and your baby's health.

What effect can gestational diabetes have?

Gestational diabetes can increase your chances of delivering a baby weighing more than 9 pounds and increase the need for a cesarean section. In addition, hypertension and preeclampsia occur more commonly in women with gestational diabetes. However, effectively managing and treating gestational diabetes can significantly reduce the likelihood of these complications.

Treating Gestational Diabetes

Typically, gestational diabetes is treated and managed through daily blood glucose monitoring and by making dietary changes to help keep your blood glucose levels within the normal range. Some doctors may also recommend an exercise regimen. Sometimes, when dietary changes do not control the blood glucose levels, you may need to start insulin therapy or take other medications. Your physician will determine the best treatment plan for your gestational diabetes, including how often per day you should check your blood glucose levels. Your physician and pharmacist can teach you how to monitor your blood glucose levels at home, how to use the recommended blood glucose meter and how to give yourself insulin injections if needed.

Stick With Your Treatment Plan

To avoid the complications associated with gestational diabetes, it is very important that you monitor and control your blood glucose levels. You also need to receive proper treatment and be screened regularly.

Both you and your baby will be closely monitored throughout your pregnancy. It is very important to adhere to the treatment plan your doctor prescribes to ensure good health for you and your baby. You should discuss any concerns with your doctor.

Staying Healthy

Although it may seem overwhelming and challenging, the majority of women with gestational diabetes are able to successfully control their blood glucose levels and have healthy babies without any complications if they receive proper treatment and routine monitoring. After delivery, most women with gestational diabetes have normal blood glucose levels and no longer require treatment.

The American Diabetes Association recommends that women who are diagnosed with gestational diabetes be screened for diabetes six to 12 weeks after giving birth. In addition, it's recommended that women with a history of gestational diabetes receive routine screening for the development of diabetes or prediabetes at least every three years. Remember the importance of adhering to your therapy if you have gestational diabetes, so you and your baby can enjoy healthy lives.


Dr. Cristian Andronic is an expert in advanced gynecologic and robotic pelvic reconstructive surgery. Follow this Twitter page for more updates.

Monday, May 27, 2013

REPOST: Breast Cancer's Dirty Little Secret: Fertility Loss



How does breast cancer affect one's future offspring? This Health.com article elaborates the risks posed by cancer treatments and ways on how they might affect fertility.


woman-holding-on-egg
Image Source: health.com
I recently edited a story for Health magazine about what it’s really like to have breast cancer. The survivor stories were both inspiring and heartbreaking. But the women who haunted me most were those who were not only worrying about staying alive, but about whether they could get pregnant.

"Learning that I may not be able to have a baby was the hardest thing I had to deal with," says Stephanie Gensler, a 39-year-old ad executive who was diagnosed with stage II aggressive breast cancer at age 34. She underwent a lumpectomy, six months of chemo, and 36 radiation treatments. "My doctor says it's possible," says Gensler, "but I’m not sure it is."

That kind of uncertainty drove many women to a recent Web seminar hosted by BreastCancer.org on breast cancer and fertility. Their questions were wide-ranging:

I’m having chemotherapy treatment for six months. Can I still hold out hope for a pregnancy after treatment? Does insurance pay for freezing my eggs if I have breast cancer? If I do get pregnant, will my child have a higher risk of breast cancer? Fertility experts answered them: Kutluk Oktay, MD, a professor of obstetrics and gynecology and the director of the Division of Reproductive Medicine & Infertility at New York Medical College; and psychologist Leslie R. Schover, PhD, a professor of behavioral science at the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, who helps cancer survivors make decisions about fertility preservation, cope with fertility-related distress, and resolve cancer-related sexual problems.

There is good news

There have been great advances in the fertility-after-breast-cancer field—from freezing embryos (fertilized eggs) and oocytes (unfertilized eggs) for later in vitro fertilization, to experimental procedures such as removing and freezing some ovarian tissue so that it can be re-implanted once treatment has been completed. Dr. Oktay pioneered some of these developments as founder of the Institute for Fertility Preservation at the Center for Human Reproduction in New York City.

But for some, it’s too late

Most of the women getting the information via the Web seminar were getting it way too late. It was painful to see these women's fertility hopes dashed because they had already undergone treatment that put them into permanent early menopause or otherwise compromised their ability to conceive.

When one woman undergoing chemotherapy asked if she would be able to get pregnant afterward, Dr. Oktay said, "If you’re receiving one of the standard chemotherapy regimens...your ovaries will behave after chemotherapy as if you’re in your 40s. And based on my experience and studies, you will have a very small chance of conceiving. If there’s a possibility, any woman in this situation should consider freezing eggs or embryos before treatment has begun."

That means it’s critical for women to get this information before they undergo treatment, and many don't.

"I didn’t get it," says Stephanie Gensler, who wishes someone had put egg preservation on her radar. "No one said anything about it, and I wasn’t thinking about it."

Finding out what you need to know 

Since oncologists are focused on saving lives first, and fertility second, breast cancer survivors need to find other sources of information to fill the void.

FertileHope.org offers reproductive information and support to cancer patients and survivors whose medical treatments present the risk of infertility.

The American Cancer Society offers comprehensive information on preserving fertility in men and women who undergo treatment.

MyOncoFertilty.org intersperses the advice of experts with much-needed friendliness, such as comforting videos from survivors like Laurie.

"When I met with my oncologist the first two times, I didn’t even think to ask her about fertility. It was all about me. It was about saving my life," says Laurie. She was lucky to get fertility advice after her mastectomy but before her chemotherapy began, and she is now pregnant. That’s the kind of happy ending that I hope we’ll be hearing more of in the future.

Dr. Cristian Andronic is known for his expertise in all aspects of general gynecology and obstetrics. More links to articles on women's health, pregnancy, and child birth are available on this Facebook page.


Sunday, May 26, 2013

Of pregnant boys and blaming teen mothers: A new take on teen pregnancy prevention

Image Source: theyoungmommylife.com



When New York City released its Teen Pregnancy Prevention Campaign, it created quite a stir among citizens nationwide, and among organizations like the Planned Parenthood of New York City.

Haydee Morales, the organization's vice president of education and training, explains that the campaign creates stigma and resentment from the public. Most importantly, it builds weak support from its target audience—the teens—as it generates negative public opinions rather than offering support and aspirations for the youth.

"The city's money would be better spent helping teens access health care, birth control, and high-quality sexual and reproductive health education, not on an ad campaign intended to create shock value," Morales adds.

In the meantime, the Chicago Department of Public Health takes a different approach to fight teenage pregnancy: releasing ads that feature boys who appear to be pregnant. The department imparts the idea that teenage pregnancy and parenthood are not just a burden that girls should put up with. Boys are also involved in the responsibility of taking care of the child.



Image Source: examiner.com


Health risk of pregnant teens

Although most teens don't plan on getting pregnant, many of them do. They are unaware of the repercussions of pregnancy and childbirth, and brining up a child. Doctors, like Cristian Andronic and Marilyn Milkman, warn that teenage pregnancy is a magnet of health risks both to the mothers and their babies. This includes a higher risk of high blood pressure and its complications, premature birth, and a low birth weight.

Experts believe that these risks, alongside sociological factors, are the reasons why society should dictate well-thought and engaging teenage pregnancy prevention ads from the government.



Image Source: jezebel.com


Dr. Cristian Andronic is an expert in high-risk pregnancies. Follow this Twitter page to receive timely updates related to obstetrics and gynecology.

Thursday, May 23, 2013

REPOST: Looking for pregnancy drug safety info online? Good luck



The first trimester is the most delicate period of pregnancy.  Women have to take extra precaution when taking medication, like decongestant pills.  This article from Today has some suggestions:



An awful cold? Don't panic if you used decongestant pills, but doctors advise a nasal spray in early pregnancy.

And don't abandon antidepressants or epilepsy medicines without talking to your doctor first. Some brands are safer during pregnancy than others — and worsening depression or seizures aren't good for a mom-to-be or her baby.

"To come off of those medications is often a dangerous thing for the pregnancy itself," warns Dr. Sandra Kweder of the Food and Drug Administration. "They need information on what to expect, how to make those trade-offs."

A new study shows how difficult that information is to come by.

Women often turn to the Internet with pregnancy questions. But researchers examined 25 pregnancy-related websites and found no two lists of purportedly safe drugs were identical. Twenty-two products called safe on one site were deemed risky on another.

Worse, specialists couldn't find evidence to back up safety claims for 40 percent of the drugs listed, said Cheryl Broussard of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, who led the recent study.

"The reality is that for most of the medications, it's not that they're safe or not that's the concern. The concern is that we just don't know," she said.

Broussard experienced some of that confusion during her own two pregnancies — when different doctors handed over different lists of what was safe to use.

It's a growing dilemma. The CDC says medication use during the first trimester — especially vulnerable for birth defects because fetal organs are forming — has jumped 60 percent in the last three decades. Plus, women increasingly are postponing pregnancy until their 30s, even 40s, more time to develop a chronic health condition before they're expecting.

The CDC is beginning a Treating for Two program to explore how to get better information, and the FDA plans to revamp prescription drug labels with more details on what's known now. But people want an easy answer — use it or don't — and for many drugs, they won't get one anytime soon.

"Women agonize over it," said Dr. Christina Chambers of the University of California, San Diego. She helps direct California's pregnancy risk information hotline that advises thousands of worried callers every year.

Some drugs pose particular birth-defect risks. For example, the FDA requires versions of the acne drug isotretinoin, first marketed as Accutane, to be sold under special tight controls. Similarly, last year FDA said women who want to use a new weight-loss drug, Qsymia, need testing first to be sure they're not pregnant.

Other medications are considered safe choices. Obstetricians say pregnant women need a flu shot, for example. A recent massive study in Denmark offered reassurance that taking the anti-nausea drug Zofran for morning sickness won't hurt the baby.

But many drug labels bear little if any details about pregnancy. Drugmakers shy from studying pregnant women, so it can take years for safety information to accumulate. Moreover, the CDC says 1 in 33 babies has some type of birth defect regardless of medication use. It can be hard to tell if a drug adds to that baseline risk.

Consider antidepressants, used by about 5 percent of pregnant women. Certain brands are suspected of a small risk of heart defects. Studies suggest a version called SSRIs may increase risk of a serious lung problem at birth — from 1 in 3,000 pregnancies to 3 in 3,000 pregnancies, Chambers said. Also, some babies go through withdrawal symptoms in the first days of life that can range from jitteriness to occasional seizures.

Women have to weigh those findings with the clear risks of stopping treatment, she said.

"The time to be thinking about all this is when you're not pregnant," when your doctor can consider how to balance mom's and baby's health and might switch brands, Chambers said.

That's what heart attack survivor Kelli Tussey of Columbus, Ohio, did. The 34-year-old takes a variety of heart medications, including a cholesterol-lowering statin drug that the government advises against during pregnancy.
 
So when Tussey wanted a second child, she turned to doctors at Ohio State University who specialize in treating pregnant heart patients. They stopped the statin and switched her to a safer blood thinner.

"They said my heart could take it," Tussey said. Now four months pregnant, "it seems everything's fine."

Sometimes it's a question of timing. That painkiller ibuprofen, sold as Advil and other brands, isn't for the third trimester but isn't a big concern earlier on, said Dr. Siobhan Dolan, an adviser to the March of Dimes.

And women should watch out for over-the-counter drugs with multiple ingredients, like decongestants added to allergy medicines, Dolan said. While any potential risk from decongestant pills seems small, "the question is, 'Do you really need it?'" she asked, advising a nasal spray instead.

Ask your doctor about the safest choices, Dolan said. Also, check the Organization of Teratology Information Specialists, or OTIS — www.otispregnancy.org — for consumer-friendly drug fact sheets or hotlines to speak with a specialist.

Stay tuned: The FDA has proposed big changes to drug labels that now just say if animal or human data suggest a risk. Kweder said adding details would help informed decision-making: How certain are those studies? What's the risk of skipping treatment? Is the risk only during a certain trimester?

Dr. Cristian Andronic is well versed in all aspects of low- and high-risk pregnancies and other related conditions.  Follow this Twitter page for more updates on reproductive health.

Wednesday, May 22, 2013

REPOST: Fertility Concerns for Young Women on Chemo


Can chemotherapy make women infertile? In this Health.com article, witness how Elissa Thorner, a breast cancer patient, faced the biggest challenge in her life.



elissa-thorner
Image Source: health.com


Elissa Thorner battled breast cancer at 23 and ended up facing one of the biggest issues for many young women with the disease: the potential effects of chemotherapy on fertility.

"I always wanted a houseful of children, and I thought my dream was gone after my diagnosis," recalls Thorner, who lives outside Baltimore. "I talked to several doctors, all of whom had no interest in speaking to me about fertility. When I pushed one oncologist about the topic, he said, 'Do you want to live or do you want to have children?' I responded, 'I want to live so I can have children.' "

Thorner talked to more and more doctors about her options, weighing her age and family history, but no consensus emerged. "Usually oncologists are pretty sure of themselves," Thorner says. "But for me they said, 'We don't really know what to do.' No doctor could say whether chemo would make me infertile."

The fact that Thorner had at least 20 more years of exposure to natural estrogen and progesterone to look forward to—which could be a risk factor for other cancers—led some doctors to advocate chemo. But because chemo effectively shuts down those hormones, there's always the risk that the hormones—and one's fertility—will never come back after treatment.

After many sleepless nights, Thorner decided not to have chemo. She got married in spring 2008 and plans to begin trying for a baby.

"It's important that I do so sooner rather than later," Thorner says, adding that given her profile, an oophorectomy and hysterectomy may be in her future.

Many doctors find it challenging to manage the precarious balance of powerful treatment with fertility concerns in younger patients. "We're not great at predicting" whose fertility will return after chemo and whose won't, says Ann H. Partridge, MD, a medical oncologist specializing in breast cancer in young women at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute in Boston.

But some chemo regimens are less toxic than others to the ovaries. For instance, Partridge says she doesn't recommend the so-called CMF combination (cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and 5-fluorouracil) because there are regimens that are equally or more effective but less harmful. A woman who wants to be able to have children might instead be given Adriamycin and Cytoxan (AC) for a shorter period of time, maybe with a taxane drug like Taxol or Taxotere.

An alternative method for younger women that is the subject of ongoing research involves combining tamoxifen treatment with ovarian suppression, a therapy that temporarily stops the functioning of the ovaries and halts the production of estrogen. Because the risks involved in the combination are not fully understood, doctors usually recommend that it be done in the setting of a clinical trial.
  
Cristian Andronic is one of the leading practitioners of gynecology in Delaware. Visit this Facebook page for more updates.


Tuesday, May 21, 2013

Pregnancy and the permanent change in foot structure

Image Source: huffingtonpost.com

 
After giving birth, some women complain of having bigger feet. Indeed, pregnancy can sometimes cause the arch to flatten, making the feet grow one or two sizes bigger. And many of them stay that way permanently.

The American Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation published a study affirming that the decrease in the arches of the feet can be associated with pregnancy and that porous women have an increased risk for other structural and functional changes in the lower limbs. This is especially evident during a woman’s first pregnancy. The reason: a combination of increased weight on the joints with a greater laxity during pregnancy.


Image Source: backandneck.ca


Additionally, this pregnancy-related arch drop explains why women are at a high risk for arthritis and pain in the hips, knees, and spine.

“A flattened foot can strain the ligaments in the foot's sole, causing changes in gait that put extra strain on the knees,” says researcher Neil Segal, an associate professor of orthopedics and rehabilitation at the University of Iowa.

With further research, soon women all over the world will know whether preventive rehabilitation for these structural changes can have an impact on better body, better health, and better-looking feet.


Image Source: diabetes.webmd.com


Know more about the changes that commence in your body during and after pregnancy from this Facebook page for Cristian Andronic.

Monday, May 20, 2013

Declines in teen pregnancies: What are the driving factors?

Image Source: sheknows.com



Three in every 10 American girls get pregnant by the age of 20. However, national government and health experts expect these numbers to decrease with stringent legislative support and parental reinforcement. True enough, this optimism is becoming evident in recent years.

Although 16 states had a slight increase in teenage pregnancies between 2005 and 2008 from previous years, this is still considered an all-time low. While this information is from 2008 (the latest year for which comprehensive statistics are available), records suggest that, the downturn will generally continue several more years ahead.

Key factors driving the decade-long declines

Guttmacher Senior Researcher Laura Lindberg said: "It is now the norm for teens to use contraceptives at first sex, which creates a pattern of continued contraceptive use down the road. Additionally, teens increasingly use the most effective birth-control methods, including hormonal methods and long-acting contraceptive methods like the IUD. By contrast, there has been less change in teens' levels of sexual activity."


Image Source: foxnews.com



Good news for teens

This recent declines are great news since teenage pregnancy can be considered high-risk in nature. Pregnancy experts, like Cristian Andronic and Michael R. Leb would agree that girls have the higher risk of having premature birth, low-birth-weight babies, and high blood pressure --- called pregnancy-induced hypertension. Avoiding early pregnancy means avoiding these risks, altogether.

With unity and cooperation, teenage pregnancy is a ‘battle’ that the entire society can win together.



Image Source: womenshealthency.com


This Twitter page links to more articles on high-risk pregnancies and related topics.

Thursday, May 16, 2013

REPOST: Pregnancy Takes a Turn on the Red Carpet

Women celebrate their pregnancy in various ways, and some do it in style. This New York Times article features pregnant celebs who strutted the red carpet round and proud.

Last week, the most talked-about moment from the Met Gala, the annual black-tie event to benefit the museum’s Costume Institute, did not involve Anna Wintour, the host committee headlined by Rooney Mara and Beyoncé or Madonna going pantless.



Rather, Kim Kardashian, the reality TV star and girlfriend of the musician Kanye West, stole the spotlight when she climbed the red-carpeted staircase in a printed floral long-sleeved gown with matching gloves and heels, punctuated by a very prominent baby bump.
Soon after, her head-to-toe look was compared to chintzy upholstery (a doctored image of Ms. Kardashian blending into a sofa pattern circulated in social media) and also to Mrs. Doubtfire, the frumpy cross-dressing housekeeper played by Robin Williams in a 1993 movie. “I think I wore it better,” Mr. Williams wrote on Twitter, attaching a side-by-side image of him in character next to the reality star. Vogue might have agreed. In the magazine’s post-gala Best Dressed roundup, Mr. West made the cut, but Ms. Kardashian was cropped out of the photo.
“I think she looked amazing,” Riccardo Tisci of Givenchy, who designed the gown, told Women’s Wear Daily after the event. “She was the most beautiful pregnant woman I dressed in my career,” he added, “People can say what they want.”
Though Ms. Kardashian, through her publicist, declined to comment, she has other people talking. Actresses, like other women, once did their best to camouflage pregnancies in tented smocks. “In the 1930s and ’40s, movie stars often hid the fact that they were pregnant,” Kay Goldman, a Texas researcher, wrote in “Dressing Modern Maternity,” a book about a leading maternity label called Page Boy, which became known for a signature smock with Peter Pan collar.
But now celebrities in advanced stages of pregnancy tend to make the scene, often swathing their bellies in head-turning fashion. “It used to be ‘Stay at home and don’t be seen,’ ” said Janice Min, editorial director of The Hollywood Reporter. “Today, it’s a red carpet perfect storm. If you’re pregnant and you go out to an event, you get so much attention. People love to see pregnant celebrities flaunt it.”
A few pioneering actresses in the 1950s stepped out while showing (Eva Marie Saint in 1955 accepted her Oscar for best supporting actress, two days before her delivery, in a skirt suit). Lucille Ball persuaded CBS executives to write that she was “expecting” into “I Love Lucy.” And Ms. Goldman writes of how “the year 1963 became the year of tent dresses and shifts, and depending on exactly how the dresses were cut, many of them could be worn by any woman — pregnant or not.” With an emphasis on fitness and body-consciousness, the 1980s moved pregnancy away from the shift somewhat.
But Bonnie Fuller, the editor in chief of HollywoodLife.com, said the coming-out of celebrity pregnancy wasn’t really complete until Demi Moore posed full-bellied and nude for the cover of Vanity Fair’s August 1991 issue.
Before then, “you didn’t see women pregnant on the cover of magazines,” Ms. Fuller said. On set, slightly pregnant actresses would block their abdomens with furniture or props (“They would shoot the women from the neck up,” she said), while very pregnant actresses, to conceal weight gain, would shun the public eye completely. “Maybe it was so they wouldn’t lose out on a job,” Ms. Fuller said.
And when Annette Bening appeared at the Academy Awards in 2000, gloriously enceinte in a dark gown, it sparked “a revolution,” Ms. Fuller said. The Oscars have since functioned as a kind of runway for the expectant. (“Celebrities can be very lemming-like,” Ms. Min said.) Catherine Zeta-Jones (eight months pregnant, wearing cleavage-baring black Versace in 2003), Cate Blanchett (in royal purple Dries Van Noten with embellished neckline in 2008) and Natalie Portman (in Rodarte, also purple, in 2011) have all attended the awards show while visibly expecting. The arrivals are obsessively chronicled; the “bump” a point of pride, the ultimate accessory for someone who clearly has it all.
Indeed, “The Baby Bump is the New Birkin,” was the title of a 2012 essay by Renée Ann Cramer, an associate professor at Drake University, who wrote, “Celebrity pregnancy fashion provides welcome relief from treacly-sweet, pastel-hued, and shapeless maternity clothes of the past.”
While not everyone felt that way about Ms. Kardashian’s flower bomb, it’s hardly surprising that her pregnancy has been closely parsed. She rose to fame on a sex tape, Ms. Min said, adding: “It’s not like she’s the lead soprano at the Met Opera. Her whole purpose in life is to be photographed and scrutinized.”
And in turning the klieg lights on her condition, she certainly has company. Holly Madison, the former Playboy model whose Mother’s Day special, “Holly Has a Baby,” was shown on E, documented her recent pregnancy and delivery.
Last year during her first pregnancy, Jessica Simpson posed nude for Elle’s April cover, a copycat of Ms. Moore’s shoot, and became a spokeswoman for Weight Watchers to lose the baby weight. By September, she had introduced a maternity collection through a deal with Destination Maternity, which expanded this spring. Now carrying her second child, Ms. Simpson wears clothing from her line and has become something of a maternity cheerleader. “Your body is constantly changing, but you can look cute and feel good the entire time,” she said in an e-mail. One of her favorite looks from her collection seems ready for a party: a sexy black mini dress with tight lace sleeves that she wore recently on “Jimmy Kimmel Live.”
But for those less involved in retail, handling the attention stylishly can be a challenge. When asked if finding a gown for the Oscars was difficult, Ms. Bening told Newsweek at a Hollywood round table two years ago: “Oh, God, yeah. They kind of made something for me. And it was more like, how am I going to get out of a car and walk in?”
“I just remember it was a lot of attention on being so pregnant,” Ms. Bening added. “It wasn’t my favorite thing. Being slightly pregnant is easier. I was so big.”
Image Source: NYTimes.com

Actresses have significantly more selection now, with even designers in haute couture like Mr. Tisci getting involved. Kate Young, a stylist who worked with Ms. Portman on her 2011 look, said that “red carpets are easier than day-to-day because designers make the dresses for them.”
“Everyone gets pregnant in a different way,” Ms. Young said. “Some get super-busty, but some just look heavy.” For those clients with more ample décolletage and protruding bellies, Ms. Young said she keeps “the sides of the look really narrow.” Moreover, she’s vigilant about fit. “You have to watch because the body changes, about every two weeks,” she said.
The Marchesa designer Georgina Chapman, who last month gave birth to her second child with Harvey Weinstein, said that fit and comfort are the same goals as dressing any actress for an important appearance. But “there are additional factors to consider, the main one being whether she wants to slightly hide the bump or accentuate it,” Ms. Chapman said via e-mail. “I’ve worked with both types of women.”
About 18 weeks pregnant with her second child, Ivanka Trump advised highlighting other assets. For her, showing leg is an option (she attended the Met Gala, wearing a Juan Carlos Obando navy blouse and green skirt with a daring thigh-high slit) because it’s the area where “I tend to not gain too much weight,” Ms. Trump said.
And experience helps. “I learned a lot from my first pregnancy on how to dress and how not to dress,” she said. “Especially when you’re going through it the first time, you have a tendency to dress how your body used to look as opposed to how it currently does.” Even so, she hopes to move away “from traditional maternity” wear this time and risk more experimental styles that “would accommodate a growing belly.” There can be closet boredom, especially for celebrities who are photographed often. “How many wrap dresses can you buy essentially?” she said.
For everyday, Liz Lange, the maternity designer for Target who started an eponymous line in 1997 (now defunct) dressing pregnant celebrities like Cindy Crawford, Teri Hatcher and Kelly Ripa, suggested comfortable stretchy fabrics in bright hues. Personal style should carry through, Ms. Lange said, pointing to Kate Middleton. “It’s not like suddenly you’re supposed to hide in a big muumuu.”
While Ms. Young avoids dressing her pregnant clients in print fabrics, Ms. Lange said that a pattern was doable if strategic with scale and placement. Tie-dyes and ombré are more approachable, she said.
As for Ms. Kardashian’s red carpet look, Ms. Lange said, “It was a lot of print, literally down to her fingertips,” but she likes that the reality star “isn’t hiding in oversize shapes.”
In maternity wear, celebrities push the envelope, Ms. Lange said. “Kim Kardashian is an edgy dresser,” she said. “So why are we surprised?”

Dr. Cristian Andronic of Milford, Delaware, is known for his expertise in all aspects of

general gynecology and obstetrics. More articles about women's health, pregnancy, and child birth can be found in this blog site.

Pseudocyesis: The trolling false alarm


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Jocelyn appears at a hospital’s emergency room one day, claiming she is 28 weeks pregnant. Her belly’s already swollen rotund, and she’s been experiencing symptoms of morning sickness and all that pregnancy jazz. She asserts that she has had sonograms for the past weeks and that, according to her accounts, her baby has been doing fine. Upon obstetric assessment, however, the nurses aren’t able to find fetal heart tones even with the assistance of Doppler ultrasound stethoscope. Further radiological examination will show that there isn’t really any pregnancy present—thus nullifying the patient’s entire claim to pregnancy.

The ‘pregnant’ woman, it appears, has developed a condition called “pseudocyesis,” the medical term for “false pregnancy.” It is one of those rare moments that she believes she is pregnant because she is experiencing all symptoms of pregnancy, yet all of these have been caused by an entirely different thing.


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False pregnancies have confounded medical practitioners for centuries, and it’s only recently that they began to understand the many physical and psychological issues that are behind pseudocyesis. Although the physiological mechanisms remain unknown, research has shown that psychological factors are more at fault into tricking the body into thinking it’s pregnant.

There are many cases when women begin to develop an intense desire to become pregnant; infertility, history of miscarriages, and impending menopause—all of these trigger the brain to release pregnancy hormones (e.g., prolactin for lactation stimulation) and ultimately leading to actual pregnancy symptoms. Women with pseudocyesis all exhibit believable symptoms, like cessation of menstrual flow, claims of fetal movement, and even labor pains, hence leading even the most seasoned of healthcare professionals to believe the presence of pregnancy.

It is to be noted, however, that pseudocyesis should be differentiated from delusions of pregnancy (i.e., if the patient has schizophrenia) and claiming to be pregnant for self-benefit.


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Learn more about strange conditions that are related to pregnancy by visiting this Facebook page for Cristian Andronic

Tuesday, May 14, 2013

REPOST: Preparing for birth

Although it has been said that no amount of preparation could get a woman ready for birthing, there are steps that soon-to-be moms can do to stay informed on what to expect and do when the bag of water breaks. This NineMSN.com.au article shares some of which:

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While nothing can prepare you for the real experience of labour, it helps to be informed as much as possible, to be aware of all your choices and to be surrounded by the support networks and techniques of your choice once the time comes.

Here are some tips on how to get you and your partner prepared.

Antenatal/childbirth classes
These are more than likely to be run by the maternity hospital you will be attending, but there are also plenty of privately run classes too. Classes at hospitals are usually run by midwives who work in the antenatal clinic and on the wards. Privately run childbirth classes may be run by midwives, physiotherapists or by specially trained childbirth educators.

Classes will include the different stages of labour, birthing techniques as well as the pros and cons of pain relief options, normal delivery and positions, intervention deliveries as well as postnatal changes, breastfeeding and baby care information.

It's worth talking to other parents to see what courses or teachers they may recommend and it's always a great idea to attend the classes from the hospital you have chosen so you can become familiar with their policies and options. Book in early as classes are often booked out well in advance.

Hospital tours
These are a great idea. Not only will they give you and your partner an idea of what to expect when the all-important time comes, they'll also show you where to go on the day and important things like where to park. Taking a hospital tour early on in your pregnancy might be a good idea if you are trying to decide between one or more places to give birth.

Birth plans
The experience of birth is different for everyone and in most cases what you experience is nothing like you imagined, but this doesn't mean you shouldn't set in place some scenarios of what you would like to see happen on the day. This is known as a birth plan. It's really a list of things you believe would help you in achieving the best from your labour. Things to include are:
  • Who you'd like with you during the labour.
  • Anything you'd like to bring from home to assist you.
  • Any self-help techniques you may wish to use and things you may wish to bring from home to have with you.
  • Your attitude to using drugs during labour (i.e. what pain relief options if any you'd prefer and at what stage of the labour you'd like to be offered them).
  • Role of support person and any requests of those caring for you.
  • How you'd like to be informed of your progress or any complications.
  • Preferred delivery position.
  • Who you'd like to cut the cord, who's to hold the baby first etc.

Make sure you talk your birth plan over with your obstetrician or carer well before your due date and have a copy of the plan packed in your hospital bag to give to staff on arrival.

Image Source: NineMSN.com.au

Self-help techniques
These are really non-drug methods of pain relief during labour and can include massage, breathing and meditation techniques, water therapy, aromatherapy, music, vocalisation, hypnotherapy, heat therapy, birth positions and visualisation techniques. We'll look at some of the more popular in detail.
  • Breathing techniques
    Breathing techniques during birth allow a woman to have a point of focus and help to create a calm, progressive labour. Through steady, rhythmical breathing, less adrenaline is released into the body thus diminishing the sensations of fear and pain.
  • Massage
    Many women swear by the relief of massage during labour. Your support person should read up on the best areas for massage relief during birth or perhaps both of you could attend a course.
  • Water therapy
    Getting in the shower or bath during labour (as long as everything's progressing well) can be a great way for a woman to get through the pain. It aids relaxation and circulation and helps to bear the weight of a woman in labour. Even the simple sound of running water can provide a more relaxed situation for the birthing woman.
  • Heat therapy
    The use of heat through locally applied wheat packs and hot water bottles while at home and at the hospital is highly recommended by most childbirth educators. It's a very effective method of relieving pain in localised areas.
  • Birth positions
    Being mobile and active is one of the best ways of progressing labour and getting through the pain. Being upright, even if sitting, helps to speed dilation. Both you and your support person should be aware of birthing positions prior to going into labour.
  • Vocalisation and focusing 
    Screaming, chanting and groaning are all positive ways of relieving tension, anxiety and pain during birth. Using your voice can also give some women added strength and power to deal with contractions. Chanting can provide a sense of rhythm and direction.Focusing on the now is an important part of giving birth and the support persons role. Staying in the moment and focusing on getting through each contraction as it happens will break labour down into small, manageable chunks.

Role of the support person
Wherever possible, include your support person in all your birth plans and classes. It will help them immensely when the time comes and will ease your mind that you have someone you can depend upon by your side. Some of the things a support person can do to help during labour include: massage, physical support, liaise with staff, and most of all, provide positive encouragement and emotional support.

Breastfeeding workshops
It's a great idea to attend a breastfeeding workshop before your baby arrives. Breastfeeding is not always as easy as one may think and the more prepared you are, the better. Most major hospitals run pre-labour breastfeeding classes or contact the Australian Breastfeeding Association who also organise workshops.

Get informed
One of the best ways to prepare for birth is to read as much as you can on the subject. Some popular titles include:
  • Up the Duff — Kaz Cooke (great for all aspects of pregnancy)
  • New Active Birth — Janet Balaskas
  • Having a Baby — Carol Fallows
  • Better Birth — Lareen Newman and Heather Hancock
  • Men at Birth — David Vernon (fathers' experiences of birth)
  • Breastfeeding ... Naturally — Australian Breastfeeding Association
  • Baby Love — Robin Baker (what to expect immediately after the birth plus the weeks ahead)

Other things to do
  • Make sure your bags are packed for hospital well in advance of your due date — the hospital will provide you with a list of what to bring.
  • Plan your transport and route to the hospital.
  • Make sure the labour ward or birth centre's contact details are always on hand.
  • Have some light food and drinks (energy drinks like Gatorade are used by many women in labour) in the house.

Dr. Cristian Andronic is an expert in the field of obstetrics and gynecology. For more articles related to this, visit this blog.